Key Theories and Approaches in Architechure

The History of Chamber Music - 895 Words

The History of Chamber Music What is chamber music? It is ensemble instrumental music for up to about ten performers with typically one performer to a part. Since circa 1450, there has been instrumental music designed for private playing. These pieces used many instruments and (in Germany) it was common that the folk songs would contain 2-3 countermelodies to expand and elaborate the whole, and to arrange the outcome for groups of instruments. Although the pieces were never written for particular instruments, we can, through art/paintings, reasonably guess that the viol was a predominant early chamber music instrument. A more important source of later chamber music is to be found in the†¦show more content†¦Parallel to the developments that led from the vocal chanson, in France, to the instrumental canzona, primarily in Italy, was the development of the dance suite. Early sixteenth-century dance tunes in all countries of Western Europe usually had appeared in pairs: one was slow, stately in mood and in duple metre (i.e., with two beats to the bar); the other fast, lively in mood, usually in triple metre, and often melodically similar to the first. Through much of the sixteenth century, composers in the several countries sought to expand the dance pair into a unified dance suite. Suites based on variations of one movement appeared in England; suites in which each of four dances had its own rhythmic character, melodically based on the first dance, were written in Germany; sets of dances with no internal relationships to each other were common in Italy. The most influential steps were taken in France by composers for the lute or the clavecin (harpsichord). Consisting essentially of four dance forms that were then popular – the allemande, courante, sarabande, and gigue – the suites they composed were based on contrasting tempos, metres, and rhythmic patterns. The French version of the dance suite became the prototype for later chamber-music forms. It was not until the middle of the seventeenth century that two types of composition –Show MoreRelatedHistory of the Violas Role in Part-Writing for Chamber Music975 Words   |  4 PagesCarolyn Hunter Music 700 November 1, 2009 Mini-Research Paper #2 History of the Viola’s Role in Part-Writing for Chamber Music There is considerable debate amongst scholars as to whether the birth of the viola preceded or succeeded that of the violin. However, iconographic and documentary evidence indicate that the violin, viola, and cello most likely evolved together as a family of instruments very early in the sixteenth century and almost certainly in northern Italy. Part-writingRead MoreEssay about Handel and Bach Comparisons840 Words   |  4 PagesJacob Zeller Professor Davidson History of Music 114:01 15 November 2012 Bach v. Handel When thinking of composers, whose works changed the world of music forever, many names may come to mind. Among those on that list, both Johann Sebastian Bach and George Frideric Handel are figures whose effect on music has been felt worldwide. Born in the same year, these composers have much in common and many differences that illustrate their importance to their era and music as we see it today. Their individualismRead MoreThe Van Beethoven s Musical Style And Innovations1263 Words   |  6 PagesLuwig Van Beethoven Ludwig Van Beethoven was born in Bonn, Germany and spent his musical career in Vienna. Beethoven is â€Å"widely considered to be one of the pre-eminent classical music figures of the Western world† (Beethoven 5). 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Although he is forever enshrined in music history as one of the three B’s (Along with Beethoven, and Bach), Brahms’ contribution to the musical world is far greater than just the letter B. (â€Å"Self Confidence† par. 9) From his works in orchestral music (such as his four symphonies, and concertos) to his piano, chamber, and choral music, all of these have had a meaningful impact the world of music, both in the nineteenth century, and today. (Sandberger par. 1) JohannesRead MoreBand Program Essay1166 Words   |  5 Pages†¢ Freshman Band- Freshman is included in my curriculum because this allows the directors focus on the development of 9th grade students understanding of music and fundamentals. 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According to Charles Burney, an English music historian, Fairnelli â€Å"set off with such brilliancy and rapidity of execution that it was difficult for the violins of those days to keep pace with him†¦ [he] could hold his notes for such a long time that those who heardRead MoreFranz Schubert: A Biography and Musical Analysis Essay1118 Words   |  5 Pagesbirthday) – and his music was generally unrecognized and unappreciated during his time, but his exemplification of romantic lyricism and immen se amount of composing, which encompasses approximately 600 liturgical music scores and lieder (lyric songs); nine symphonies that truly represent the era of classicism; several pieces for the stage; choral music; overtures; piano music, including sonatas and trios; chamber music; string quartets; impromptus; three song cycles; incidental music; seven masses; andRead MoreClassical Music And The Music868 Words   |  4 Pagesthe duty of the artist. 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Carter received his undergraduate degree in English at Harvard University, but he also studied music there, as well as at the

Reflection for Communication and Language Problem- myassignmenthelp

Question: Write about theReflection for Communication and Language Problem. Answer: Event description This assignment highlights one event of my nursing career that has a special significance. I have used Carpers ways of knowing, located within the event and identified the impact of each of the ways of knowing. I had been associated with a mental care centre, where elderly people suffering from Dementia were being treated. I have been associated with the treatment of these elderly patients. People suffering from Dementia tend to forget things very easily (Alzheimers 2015). The symptoms include memory loss, communication and language problem, unable to focus or pay attention, loss of reasoning and power of judgement. Moreover, patients suffering from Dementia also experience immobility and visual perceptions (Mill et al. 2016). The patients, who have been suffering for a long time, tend to become arrogant and violent. They tend to harm the other patients as well as the doctors and nurses treating them. Being one of the care workers, I have often faced violence from the patients suffer ing from Dementia. Moreover, since they tend to forget things and suffer from short-term memory loss, hence they often forget whether they have eaten their food or taken their medicine. Patience and empathy are the only ways to keep the patients from being violent (Garrett and Cutting 2015). During the period of treating the patients, I have learned a lot and experienced various way of knowing. Treating the patients suffering from Dementia is critical, since I have to be patient and empathetic towards them. Since Dementia has, no definite medicine to completely cure it, hence care and therapy are the only treatment for the well-being of the patients suffering from Dementia. Ways of knowing In nursing and healthcare, Carpers fundamental ways of knowing is a classification that categorises the various sources of knowledge and beliefs in the professional nursing practices (Terry et al. 2017). The ways of knowing could be categorised into four fundamental patterns. These are as follows. Empirical knowing This refers to the knowledge that is organized systematically into theories and laws and helps in explaining the suffering of a person along with predicting the cure of the suffering. The empirical knowing is based on science and highlights the theoretical knowledge that a medicine practitioner needs to know. The empirical knowledge is believed to be factual and reliable. However, it is a generalised knowledge that is applicable for the initial treatment. This kind of knowledge acquired is useful for a reflective practitioner and has to be interpreted according to the situation encountered. In the chosen event, the empirical knowledge includes the therapies and treatment for Dementia (Steen et al. 2014). As a medical practitioner, the knowledge that I have gained, for treating the Dementia patients are included in the empirical knowing. Dementia cannot be completely cured. However, the various symptoms of Dementia could be lessened and prevented from getting worst. Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitors could be used for the patients suffering from mild Dementia. These patients suffering from Dementia with Lewy bodies, such that the hallucination could be reduced (Zolnierek, 2014). The Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitors also slows down the rate of the heart beat, hence ECG before and after the treatment has to be done. Another treatment to curb down the effect of Dementia is Memantine hydrochloride. This is a medicine that works by blocking the effects of a chemical on the brain. This is usually used to treat people suffering from severe Dementia. Patients who are not respondin g positively to the Acetyl cholinesterase inhibitors also undergo this treatment. I can also use cognitive simulation and reality orientation therapy for the Dementia patients. The cognitive simulation therapy involves problem-solving skills, enhancement of memory as well as exercise to reduce the immobility (Garrett and Cutting 2015). I can use the reality-orientation theory to reduce stress and mental-disorientation of the patients, thus reducing memory loss as well as confusion. This helps in improving the self-esteem of the patients (Klapwijk et al. 2014). Thus, using the empirical knowledge, I have gained knowledge about the treatment that is most appropriate for the patients suffering from Dementia, based on the severity of the suffering. Aesthetic knowing The aesthetic knowing includes the practitioners responses to the clinical situation. The aesthetic knowing involves the ability of the practitioner to grasp the nature of a particular situation, interpreting the situation and the practitioner knows taking the best actions that (Carnago and Mast 2015). Even if the practitioner faces the same situation, the treatment and the responses vary. The aesthetic knowing includes grasping and interpretation, envisioning and responding. As a medical practitioner, it is important for me that I respond to the same situation differently, depending on the situation, which I am facing. With my own style of care and empathy, I am able to establish a positive relation with the patients, thus assisting them to be cured faster. Moreover, since the patients suffer from Dementia, hence a positive relation with the medicine practitioner is effective and useful for the faster cure (Richardson et al. 2013). My personality and my way of communication have to be empathetic and directed towards ensuring the well being of the patients. Personal knowing The personal knowing, in contrast to the empirical knowledge, highlights the unique style of each practitioner to respond to a situation in his or her own way (Kelley et al. 2015). Based on the empirical knowledge, the response of a medical practitioner is referred to as the personal knowing (Garrett and Cutting 2015). The modifications of the empirical knowledge, according to the demand of the situation are essential for the practitioners. I, as a medical practitioner have a unique way of treating the patients suffering from Dementia. I am empathetic towards the patients and treat them with care. Since the patients are old, hence they suffer from immobility, visual impairment, auditory impairment and other age related diseases. Along with these, suffering from Dementia makes the patients confused and violent (Robert et al. 2014). Thus, I need to be empathetic towards them, in order to reduce their suffering. The patients tend to ask the same question over and again, since they suffe r from short-term memory loss (Garrett and Cutting 2015). Hence, I use hand-written text in order to communicate with them. The writings remain with the patients and they are reminded of the conversation by the written text. This is my way of treating these patients, thus helping them to reduce the state of confusion. The personal knowing involves three inter-related factors. These are: The perception of the feelings of a person, along with the prejudice within the situation The effective management of the personal feelings and responding to the prejudices effectively The effective management of anxiety of the practitioner (Garrett and Cutting 2015) Thus, I have to ensure that I am able to respond to the prejudice effectively, along with having control over my emotions and feelings. Thus, I will be able to ensure that the care and cure given to the patients will be effective. Ethical knowing Ethics has a major role to play in the lives of a medicine practitioner. The ethical learning highlights the sense of right and wrong in the medical practice. Based on the ethical dimensions, the practitioner makes the choice between the right and wrong. Ethics have to be maintained, while ensuring that the requirements of the patients have been met. As a medical practitioner, I have often faced ethical dilemma. The path of truth and the benefits of the patients might often take different paths (DiCenso et al.2014). Thus, ethical dilemmas are caused. In such a situation, I have to take critical decisions and ensure that the people suffering from Dementia do not get worst. There is often a tension between the ethically right situation and the best suitable decision for the patients. However, I have to ensure that I take up the best possible decision, thus helping in the faster recovery of the patients. Conclusion This assignment highlights the ways of knowing and its reflection in a real life event. The ways of knowing includes the empirical knowing, personal knowing, aesthetic knowing and ethical knowing. The empirical knowing has been done successfully and based on it, the personal knowing is applied. Using the aesthetic knowing, the patients could be helped to recover faster, while the ethical knowing helps to take the right decision in case of ethical dilemma. The empirical knowing could have been used more effectively, such that the personal knowing would have been enhanced. The interactions with the patients suffering from Dementia could have been made better, thus relieving them from the suffering. Better communication could have relieved the patients from confusion and helplessness. Thus, with the enhancement of the communication with the patients, the care given to them could have been improved. Various innovative ways of communication could be used as a form of activity, to improve the mental health of the patients. The ways of knowing are significant in the lives of a medical practitioner. References Alzheimers, A., 2015. Alzheimer's disease facts and figures.Alzheimer's dementia: the journal of the Alzheimer's Association,11(3), p.332. Carnago, L. and Mast, M., 2015. Using ways of knowing to guide emergency nursing practice.Journal of Emergency Nursing,41(5), pp.387-390. DiCenso, A., Guyatt, G. and Ciliska, D., 2014.Evidence-Based Nursing-E-Book: A Guide to Clinical Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. Garrett, B.M. and Cutting, R.L., 2015. Ways of knowing: realism, non?realism, nominalism and a typology revisited with a counter perspective for nursing science.Nursing inquiry,22(2), pp.95-105. Kelley, A.S., McGarry, K., Gorges, R. and Skinner, J.S., 2015. The Burden of Health Care Costs for Patients With Dementia in the Last 5 Years of LifeBurden of Health Care Costs for Patients With Dementia.Annals of internal medicine,163(10), pp.729-736. Klapwijk, M.S., Caljouw, M.A., van Soest-Poortvliet, M.C., van der Steen, J.T. and Achterberg, W.P., 2014. Symptoms and treatment when death is expected in dementia patients in long-term care facilities.BMC geriatrics,14(1), p.99. Mill, J.E., Allen, M.N. and Morrow, R.A., 2016. Critical theory: Critical methodology to disciplinary foundations in nursing.Canadian Journal of Nursing Research Archive,33(2). Richardson, T.J., Lee, S.J., Berg-Weger, M. and Grossberg, G.T., 2013. Caregiver health: health of caregivers of Alzheimers and other dementia patients.Current psychiatry reports,15(7), p.367. Robert, R.R., Tilley, D.S. and Petersen, S., 2014. A power in clinical nursing practice: concept analysis on nursing intuition.Medsurg Nursing,23(5), pp.343-350. Terry, L., Carr, G. and Curzio, J., 2017. Expert Nurses' Perceptions of the Relevance of Carper's Patterns of Knowing to Junior Nurses.Advances in Nursing Science,40(1), pp.85-102. van der Steen, J.T., Radbruch, L., Hertogh, C.M., de Boer, M.E., Hughes, J.C., Larkin, P., Francke, A.L., Jnger, S., Gove, D., Firth, P. and Koopmans, R.T., 2014. White paper defining optimal palliative care in older people with dementia: a Delphi study and recommendations from the European Association for Palliative Care.Palliative medicine,28(3), pp.197-209. Zolnierek, C.D., 2014. An integrative review of knowing the patient.Journal of Nursing Scholarship,46(1), pp.3-10.

A Raisin In The Sun Essay Conclusion Example For Students

A Raisin In The Sun Essay Conclusion Beneatha was describing how her whole family has this bug she calls Ghetto-it is, which explains the actions of all the main characters in the first act. When Beneatha said this she was just welcoming Asagi into her home. He asked her what was wrong and she responded with the acute ghetto-it is term. Ruth, to me, is acting the most on this use of speech. I would believe she suffers the most from this. Earlier in the first scene she was yelling at Walter for giving Travis so much money to bring to school. Ruth is always preaching about how the rich white people have it and complaining about her life. And every time Travis asked when the paycheck was coming she would just respond with dont worry about it. Walter is Ruths husband and a father of one to Travis. Unlike Ruth Walter takes money not as seriously, while Ruth thinks they need to save every penny so they wont end up in the gutter. Walter handles the income of money in their family and you could say Beneatha handles the out flow. Next in the line of Ghetto-itis would be Mama. Mama lives with the family and does house chores to help out Ruth. Mama doesnt spend much and she doesnt eat much. Mama clearly marked her position in the household. When Beneatha was questioning the existence of God Mama got up and slapped her across the face. She is a serious character. The one person that makes the best of what they have would probably be Travis. Travis is the kind of person that makes the best of a bad situation. When Beneatha was spraying under the couch for roaches, Travis was telling her not to worry about it because they werent harming them. Even though he seems to always be happy he has no idea of what money really means. Beneatha was the one who said the family suffers from acute Ghetto-itis. She was meaning to say that the family acts like they live in the ghetto and are horribly poor, but when in real life they are actually making a lot of money. So Beneatha does the one thing she is good at which is spending money. She has paid for horseback riding lessons and is about to take guitar lessons. Everybody questions her spending in her family. Beneatha may think that she is better than her own family. I think Beneatha does think she is better than her own flesh and blood and that is why she is making statements like the ones she made in Act 1. BibliographyA Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry